Science (Practical) For Class 10th

Table of Content:-

Laboratory Instructions 

Chemistry

1. Determine the pH of the following samples by using pH paper or a Universal Indicator : 

(i) Dilute Hydrochloric Acid (Dil. HCl) 

(ii) Dilute Sodium Hydroxide Solution (Dil. NaOH) 

(iii) Dilute Ethanoic Acid Solution 

(iv) Lemon Juice 

(v) Water 

(vi) Dilute Sodium Bicarbonate Solution

2. Study the properties of an acid (for example, HCl) by carrying out the following reactions : 

(i) With litmus solution (blue/red)
(ii) With zinc metal
(iii) With solid sodium carbonate 

3. Study the properties of the alkali NaOH by carrying out the following reactions:
(i) With litmus solution (blue/red) 

(ii) With zinc metal 

(iii) With solid sodium carbonate 

4. Perform the following reactions, observe them carefully, and classify them into the categories mentioned below : 

(i) Reaction of water with quicklime (calcium oxide) 

(ii) Heating of ferrous sulphate crystals 

(iii) Reaction of an iron nail with copper sulphate solution 

(iv) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride Classify the above reactions as : (a) Combination reaction (b) Decomposition reaction (c) Displacement reaction (d) Double displacement reaction

5. Study the effect of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and aluminium (Al) on zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) solution, and arrange these metals according to their reactivity.

6. Study the effect of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and aluminium (Al) on iron sulphate (FeSO4) solution. 

7. Study the effect of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and aluminium (Al) on the aqueous solution of copper sulphate (CuSO4 ).

8. Study the effect of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and aluminium (Al) on aluminium sulphate [Al2(SO4)3] solution. 

9. Study the following properties of Acetic Acid (Ethanoic Acid) : (i) Odour (ii) Solubility in water (iii) Effect on litmus paper (iv) Reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate 

10. Conduct a comparative study of the cleansing action of soap samples in soft water and hard water. 

Practical Physics

1. Study the relationship between the electric current (I) flowing through a resistor and the potential difference (V) applied across it. Determine the resistance of the resistor and plot a graph between V and I. 

2. Determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when they are connected in series combinations.

3. Determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when they are connected in parallel combinations. 

4. Determine the focal length of a concave mirrorAlso, determine the nature and position of the image formed by a distant object.

5. Determine the focal length of a convex mirror Also, determine the nature and position of the image formed by a distant object. 

6. Using a rectangular glass slab, trace the path of a light ray for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, and angle of emergence, and study the relationship among them. 

7. To trace the path of light rays through a glass prism. 

8. Plot the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet and locate its neutral points. 

Practical Biology

1. Prepare a temporary mount of a leaf peel to observe stomata under a microscope. 

2. Demonstrate experimentally that carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during the process of respiration.

3. Demonstrate experimentally that carbon dioxide (CO2) is essential for the process of photosynthesis. 

4. Prepare temporary slides of the following using ready-made specimens : (a) Binary fission in Amoeba (b) Budding in Yeast 

5. Study the different parts of the embryo of any dicot seed, such as pea, gram, kidney bean (rajma), or bean. 

First Unit Test (Objective Type Questions)

O.M.R. Answer Sheet

Second Unit Test 

Third Unit Test 

O.M.R. Answer Sheet

Fourth Unit Test 

PROJECT

1. Using pH paper or a Universal Indicator, determine the pH values of the following natural substances : 

1. Lemon juice 2. Beetroot juice 3. Juice extracted from green leafy vegetables 4. Water in which pulses have been soaked 5. Juice extracted from rose (Hibiscus) petals 

2. Prepare a Chemical Garden. (Glass jar, water glass solution, crystals of copper sulphate, cobalt sulphate, or manganese sulphate, and sand.)

3. Conduct an experimental observation and comparative study of the heat evolved during different acid–base neutralization reactions. Materials required : Beaker, measuring flask, thermometer, molar solutions of an acid and a base, plastic cup, cotton, etc. 

4. Prepare a project on the life and achievements of Madam Marie Curie. The project should include: Her photograph, biography, education, discoveries, and Nobel Prize. 

5. Prepare a model of an electric bell and study the scientific principles involved in its working.

6. Prepare a model of a Kaleidoscope. 

7. Prepare a comprehensive and systematic study of the lives of renowned Indian scientists and their contributions to the field of science.
8. Prepare a model of an electrical distribution board, incorporating the required electrical circuit. 9. Conduct an illustrated study on the role of science in entertainment. 

10. Observe and prepare a tabulated record of the changes in the nature, position, and size of the image formed by mirrors and lenses. 

11. Study the different parts of a bisexual flower, such as Hibiscus or Mustard—namely the calyx (sepals), corolla (petals), androecium (stamens), and gynoecium (pistil)—and identify the floral whorls present in it.

12. Prepare a model of the structure of the human heart. 

13. Using soaked bean and maize seeds, study the structure of seeds and the process of seed germination. 

14. Collect different types of plants and prepare a herbarium.

15. Conduct an experiment on growing plants without soil (soilless cultivation) and prepare a project report based on your observations. 

16. Study the air pollution caused by petrol and diesel, and explain the use of C.N.G. (Compressed Natural Gas) as a measure to reduce it. 

17. Study the importance of plastic and polythene in daily life and their role in environmental pollution. 

18. Conduct an illustrated study on the causes of increasing noise pollution in your city and its harmful effects. 

Internal Assessment Record

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